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Author Topic: SETI  (Read 1805 times)
jpn of Seattle
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« Reply #45 on: November 06, 2007, 08:06:31 PM »

Since it is based on evidence and reason and logic it is sound.  Please support with real data where I err.  You can't.

You say I can't. You say so with so much confidence that you apparently aren't even familiar with the scholarship done in this area long before your meager attempts at it.
Francis Drake first tried to quantify the possibility of life in the Cosmos back in the early 1960s. The Drake equation "usefully orgnanized our knowledge and ignorance by separatin gthe number that we dearly seek to estimate--the number of places where intelligent life now exists in our galaxy--into a set of terms, each of which describes a necessary condition for intelligent life." The terms include

  • the number of stars in the Milky Way
  • the average number of planets around each star
  • the fraction of planets with conditions suitable for life
  • the probability that life actually arises on these planets
  • the chance that life on such a planet evolves to produce an intelligent civilization

Then we multiply the product of these five terms by a sixth term, the ratio of the average lifetime of an intelligent civiliation to the total lifetime of the Milky Way galaxy.

Scientists have been puzzling over this equation for half a century. Look it up on the Internet. You'll get endless hits. Here's a good interactive site: Nova.

But you contend that you know more than all these scientists. You uniquely understand that the whole equation is moot because one term, "the probability that life actually arises on these planets" is zero.

You don't believe that. You know it. Because you have the "facts" and "data" to prove it. You. Reasoned Faith. All by yourself posses the truth undiscovered by all these other scientists.

The book I referenced in an above post, Origins, devotes the entire Chapter 15 to the question of life originating on Earth. The book was written by Neil deGrasse Tyson, astrophysicist and director of New York City's Hayden Planetarium. He presents several models for how life could have originated in tide pools at the ocean's edge, or superheated vents on the ocean floors. "For now," Tyson writes, "the betting is about even. Experts on the origin of life have challenged the assertion that life's oldest forms lived at high temperatures, because current methods for placing organisms at different points along the brances of the tree of life remain the subject of debate."

How odd. No mention of Reasoned Faith's devastating critique of the whole business.

Here's what the interactive Nova website that I linked to has to say about your term:
"Scientists are divided on this question, though most tend to think that life is more likely to appear than not, given the right conditions."
Here's Wikipedia's estimate: "fi = the fraction of the above which actually go on to develop intelligent life.
Estimated by Drake as 0.01.
Some estimate that solar systems in galactic orbits with radiation exposure as low as Earth's solar system may be more than 100,000 times rarer, however, giving a value of fi = 1×10-7."

Here's another site on your term, which you have convinced yourself is zero:
Quote
The next factor, fl, is the fraction of potentially habitable planets that actually give rise to life. That one we seem to know something about, because the chemists have found a multitude of chemical pathways to the origins of life. Life seems inevitable on any planet with suitable characteristics. And what are those? They seem to be very simple: liquid water, organic molecules and a source of energy.
The real question is not whether life arises, but how it really happens. The present consensus is that life does arise in a body of water, perhaps in Darwin's "warm little pond," or the deep-sea vents, the froth of ocean waves - these have all been suggested - or on the molecular templates of clay minerals. We think that faction is close to one.

My two references show the radical disagreement among scientists simply because there is a radical lack of real evidence with regard to the terms. But none of them make your claim. In fact, Francis Drake thinks you are just about 100 percent wrong. Oh, and who is he? He's professor emeritus of astronomy and astrophysics at the University of California at Santa Cruz.

You?
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« Reply #46 on: November 07, 2007, 04:05:34 AM »

Since it is based on evidence and reason and logic it is sound.  Please support with real data where I err.  You can't.

You say I can't. You say so with so much confidence that you apparently aren't even familiar with the scholarship done in this area long before your meager attempts at it.

You are only guessing about what scholarship I am familiar.



Quote
But you contend that you know more than all these scientists. You uniquely understand that the whole equation is moot because one term, "the probability that life actually arises on these planets" is zero.

Not zero.  The number of planets and so forth are indeed inconsequential compared to the 10^81 atoms in this universe and the 10^45 interactions per second possible.  Surly you should understand that all the material in the universe and all the interactions have been considered.  If life occurred spontaneously anywhere in this universe by chance or any form of chance modified by chemic constraints. Some sort of boundary conditions have to be in play in order to remove the hundreds of orders of magnitude of possible chemical combinations most of which are far more favored than any combination that results in even the simplest known self-replicating polymer.  Without such boundary conditions material mechanisms are ruled out.

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You don't believe that. You know it. Because you have the "facts" and "data" to prove it. You. Reasoned Faith. All by yourself posses the truth undiscovered by all these other scientists.

A better fact to ponder is why you do believe life is simple to spontaneously arise from non-life.  Just what evidence do you hold to support this belief.  Surly you are familiar with the known set of self-replicating polymers (bio and non-bio) in order to hold such a belief.

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The book I referenced in an above post, Origins, devotes the entire Chapter 15 to the question of life originating on Earth. The book was written by Neil deGrasse Tyson, astrophysicist and director of New York City's Hayden Planetarium. He presents several models for how life could have originated in tide pools at the ocean's edge, or superheated vents on the ocean floors. "For now," Tyson writes, "the betting is about even. Experts on the origin of life have challenged the assertion that life's oldest forms lived at high temperatures, because current methods for placing organisms at different points along the brances of the tree of life remain the subject of debate."

I have read this material. It is not based on chemical affinities or reaction kinetics.  It is not based on any chemical processes.  It is not based on any process at all.  It is a narrative supported by speculation.  Good science does not operate on speculation.  Review the material again and find for us any observation that would indicate these speculative conditions introduce chemic boundary conditions that reduce the number of permutations possible in deriving self-replicating polymers in any of these environments.

Quote
How odd. No mention of Reasoned Faith's devastating critique of the whole business.

Here's what the interactive Nova website that I linked to has to say about your term:
"Scientists are divided on this question, though most tend to think that life is more likely to appear than not, given the right conditions."

The interesting phrase is "tend to think".  It is pure speculation.

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Here's another site on your term, which you have convinced yourself is zero:
Quote
The next factor, fl, is the fraction of potentially habitable planets that actually give rise to life. That one we seem to know something about, because the chemists have found a multitude of chemical pathways to the origins of life.

It is not a true statement that chemists have found even one chemical pathways to the origins of life.  This too is pure speculation.  If you disagree, please provide one that is confirmed by testing even the subprocesses (if the entire process worked, scientists would have already declared that man has made life from scratch).  Remember the scientific method requires observation, testing and repetition and not speculation.   

In contrast, observation, experimentation and testing of chemic processes will lead the chemist to conclude that the probability of life arising from non-life spontaneously is far less than 1 in 10^400.  It will remain this way until and unless we find some boundary conditions that constrain the range of chemical combinations derived in each of the vast number of required steps.

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Life seems inevitable on any planet with suitable characteristics. And what are those? They seem to be very simple: liquid water, organic molecules and a source of energy.

This statement is the presupposition that drives the speculation you so blindly accept.  It is unimaginably simplistic and spectacularly false.

Quote
The real question is not whether life arises, but how it really happens. The present consensus is that life does arise in a body of water, perhaps in Darwin's "warm little pond," or the deep-sea vents, the froth of ocean waves - these have all been suggested - or on the molecular templates of clay minerals. We think that faction is close to one.


What is the basis of this consensus?  I will tell you, there is no basis.  It is a conclusion that follows directly from the presupposition above.

Quote
My two references show the radical disagreement among scientists simply because there is a radical lack of real evidence with regard to the terms. But none of them make your claim. In fact, Francis Drake thinks you are just about 100 percent wrong. Oh, and who is he? He's professor emeritus of astronomy and astrophysics at the University of California at Santa Cruz.

And the key is that he thinks I am wrong.  He can offer nothing to demonstrate is prejudice.  tell you what, let's have a look at just one of these supposed chemical pathways mentioned above.  I will show you just how the narrative is nothing more than a house of cards at this stage.  You choose the pathway.

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You?

I have degrees in Chemistry and and Chemical Engineering.  I have completed extensive studies in organic and biochemistry and biology.  I have substantial training in mathematics, physics, physical chemistry, and computer science.  Dr. Drake likely knows a great deal more about astronomy, astrophysics and physics but that is likely where it ends.
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jpn of Seattle
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« Reply #47 on: November 07, 2007, 08:03:53 PM »

I have degrees in Chemistry and and Chemical Engineering.  I have completed extensive studies in organic and biochemistry and biology.  I have substantial training in mathematics, physics, physical chemistry, and computer science.  Dr. Drake likely knows a great deal more about astronomy, astrophysics and physics but that is likely where it ends.

So you don't even have, say, a Masters? I might have known.
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« Reply #48 on: November 09, 2007, 04:59:12 AM »

I have degrees in Chemistry and and Chemical Engineering.  I have completed extensive studies in organic and biochemistry and biology.  I have substantial training in mathematics, physics, physical chemistry, and computer science.  Dr. Drake likely knows a great deal more about astronomy, astrophysics and physics but that is likely where it ends.

So you don't even have, say, a Masters? I might have known.

I have not said what level of degrees I have.  Do you know that I am not quallified to discuss this topic in the same way you know that you are and in the same way you think you know that life from non-life is a simple and inevitable matter of water, organic chemicals and the right physical conditions? 
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« Reply #49 on: November 09, 2007, 08:39:07 AM »

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life from non-life is a simple and inevitable matter of water, organic chemicals and the right physical conditions? 

As far as science can tell us this roughly is the case and as our understanding of it advances so does our understanding.
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« Reply #50 on: November 09, 2007, 09:14:25 PM »

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life from non-life is a simple and inevitable matter of water, organic chemicals and the right physical conditions? 

As far as science can tell us this roughly is the case and as our understanding of it advances so does our understanding.

No, actually there has been a great deal of work done with regard to the concepts of chemic evolution and science is able to tell us a great deal about how difficult it would be for chemical processes and physical constraints to generate even simple self-replicating compounds.  Science indicates that the probability of generating such a molecule by chemic evolution is so small and the number and span of right conditions required are so large that the word miracle is the best description of life from non-life.  If you doubt me let's have a look at what you say is the most promising possibility.
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« Reply #51 on: November 10, 2007, 02:07:43 AM »

Quote
life from non-life is a simple and inevitable matter of water, organic chemicals and the right physical conditions? 

As far as science can tell us this roughly is the case and as our understanding of it advances so does our understanding.

No, actually there has been a great deal of work done with regard to the concepts of chemic evolution and science is able to tell us a great deal about how difficult it would be for chemical processes and physical constraints to generate even simple self-replicating compounds.  Science indicates that the probability of generating such a molecule by chemic evolution is so small and the number and span of right conditions required are so large that the word miracle is the best description of life from non-life.  If you doubt me let's have a look at what you say is the most promising possibility.

No matter what the odds, it happened, RF.

You say it was unlikely that it happened unless someone did it. Yet as far as we can know, our reality would be exactly the same if it just had happened randomly and against all odds.

That it was hard does not mean it could not happen. It could happen, and it happened... and what we can observe and know would be exactly the same even if "someone" did it, as that "someone" did not left any other evidence of its existence but being able to do the same as randomness could do.
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« Reply #52 on: November 10, 2007, 06:02:38 AM »

Quote
life from non-life is a simple and inevitable matter of water, organic chemicals and the right physical conditions? 

As far as science can tell us this roughly is the case and as our understanding of it advances so does our understanding.

No, actually there has been a great deal of work done with regard to the concepts of chemic evolution and science is able to tell us a great deal about how difficult it would be for chemical processes and physical constraints to generate even simple self-replicating compounds.  Science indicates that the probability of generating such a molecule by chemic evolution is so small and the number and span of right conditions required are so large that the word miracle is the best description of life from non-life.  If you doubt me let's have a look at what you say is the most promising possibility.

No matter what the odds, it happened, RF.

This is not a debate about about whether or not life emerged on earth.  It is a discussion if its relevance to  to the presumption that life from non-life by material processes is a near given wherever one finds water, organics, and appropriate physical conditions.  The science of chemic evolution tells us it is not.

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You say it was unlikely that it happened unless someone did it.

The chemical characteristics and the huge number of permutations conspire against chance and physical laws to put it out of reach.  On the other hand, intentional design can and has easily constructed self-replicating polymers.
 
 Yet as far as we can know, our reality would be exactly the same if it just had happened randomly and against all odds.

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That it was hard does not mean it could not happen. It could happen,

You have incredible faith Major.  You have just suspended the scientific process and and embarked on imagination.

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and it happened... and what we can observe and know would be exactly the same even if "someone" did it, as that "someone" did not left any other evidence of its existence but being able to do the same as randomness could do.

I suppose you have a point Major but I am at a loss to reason through it.
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« Reply #53 on: November 10, 2007, 06:30:19 AM »

Man, you're used to make things complicated...

Take 2, another approach:

A force that started life in spite of low chance would be more complex and so less likely to happen randomly than life itself. Thus it is more likely that life happened by chance than it was created by an outer force (whose chance to happen randomly would be always lower than that of life).

You can't claim that the explanation to a low possibility event is another event whose possibility to happen is even lower. police
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« Reply #54 on: November 10, 2007, 06:43:44 AM »

Man, you're used to make things complicated...

Take 2, another approach:

A force that started life in spite of low chance would be more complex and so less likely to happen randomly than life itself. Thus it is more likely that life happened by chance than it was created by an outer force (whose chance to happen randomly would be always lower than that of life).

Indeed, and therefore just as it is unreasonable to conclude life from non-life occurred by chance chemic processes, it would be unreasonable to conclude the cause of the cause of life occurred by chance processes.   You are assuming that at the end of this regression there must necessarily be a material chance process.  What is the basis of that assumption?  What happens when you remove that assumption?

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You can't claim that the explanation to a low possibility event is another event whose possibility to happen is even lower. police

Agree I cannot and still claim to be reasonable.  I do not claim that the ultimate cause was a random event.  However discussion of such departs from science since it is not currently testable etc.  Science insists that we consider only the evidence we have in front of us.  The evidence in front of us puts chance as an explanation out of reach.
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« Reply #55 on: November 10, 2007, 09:47:35 AM »

(...)
The evidence in front of us puts chance as an explanation out of reach.

Why? The evidence (according to you, btw) would say that chances are very slim, but it does not rule out that life could start by chance.

In such scenario, we may speculate that we still can't judge properly what chance there is that life starts by matherial mechanicsms alone. If we found evidence of E.T. life, that would mean that chances are high enough for life to happen twice at least (a reason why it's so important to look for earthlike planets). Once again, we can't rule out life in the universe outside Earth just because we calculate that life on Earth has low chances to happen randomly.

What we can't do is what you do -claim that Science puts random events out of reach. Because as far as we know that's exactly whay could had happen as, all in all, life EXISTS.

Something has happened and life started. Assuming that it was a matherialistic random chance is our safest and simplest bet as any additional degree of complexity just would make life even less likely to happen at all. And once you leave matherialism you just throw simplicity out the window. There is nothing simple in what can't be defined or analyzed matherialistically. Actually, it can't even be checked from a probabilistic point of view.

Abridged:

Either life started matherialistically, an event whose possibility to happen randomly is slim (according to you), but is coherent with observed reality, or it started by causes other than matherial, which means it can't be scrutynized in any way as not even its possibility to happen can be calculated.

That is, the explanation to the origins of life would be either matherialistic, extremely unlikely and unsatisfactory, or non-matherialistic, absolutely inextricable and even more unsatisfactory... I don't feel like giving up the answer to the origins of life, and so I reject any explanation implying that it's out of our reach to know.
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« Reply #56 on: November 10, 2007, 12:21:12 PM »

(...)
The evidence in front of us puts chance as an explanation out of reach.

Why? The evidence (according to you, btw) would say that chances are very slim, but it does not rule out that life could start by chance.

There are two possibilities for life from non-life.  One is that it happened by material mechanisms including chemic evolution which is a constrained chance mechanism, the other is that it happened by some design event.  We know from biology that given enough knowledge and skill design can create life.  At some point in the future it is possible that humans could possess both. 

If the odds that chemic process caused life within 14 billion years were say 50%, I would agree with you.  At some point as the odds drop from 50% the table turns and design becomes the favored choice.  For statisticians those odds generally drop to 1-30% before an alternative is suggested.  What odds do you require before you chose the alternative?  Is it 1/1000 ,1/1,000,000,000 or 1 in 10^400?   

Quote
In such scenario, we may speculate that we still can't judge properly what chance there is that life starts by matherial mechanicsms alone. If we found evidence of E.T. life, that would mean that chances are high enough for life to happen twice at least (a reason why it's so important to look for earthlike planets).


Evidence of life does not change the odds of life by chemic processes in any way.  The existence of life does not tell us anything about how life started.

Quote
Once again, we can't rule out life in the universe outside Earth just because we calculate that life on Earth has low chances to happen randomly.

The factors that affect chemic processes are the physical laws.  Your claim if true would require that the physical laws are not constant throughout the universe.

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What we can't do is what you do -claim that Science puts random events out of reach. Because as far as we know that's exactly whay could had happen as, all in all, life EXISTS.

Probability and statistical studies are routinely used to put chance causation out of reach.  It is accepted in science community and is done in nearly every clinical survey and study.

That life EXISTS is not in question.  What is in question is how it came to be and for this discussion it is how it might have come to be throughout this universe.

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Something has happened and life started. Assuming that it was a matherialistic random chance is our safest and simplest bet as any additional degree of complexity just would make life even less likely to happen at all.


Based on what we know of chemistry and of genetic engineering capability, the safest and simplest bet is design not the 1 in 10^400 to more that 10^4000 odds of chemic evolution.

Please give me a logical, reasoned argument why design should be considered inferior to the odds listed above when genetic scientists are rapidly closing in on this very question using design.  Are you suggesting that it is hopeless (the best word for odds of 1 in 10^400 is hopeless) that humans might discover a way to design life from scratch?

Quote
Abridged:

Either life started matherialistically, an event whose possibility to happen randomly is slim (according to you), but is coherent with observed reality, or it started by causes other than matherial, which means it can't be scrutynized in any way as not even its possibility to happen can be calculated.

I am struggling to understand how life by chemic processes is coherent and consistent with observation.  Explain that please. 

Also if genetic researchers succeed in making life from scratch by design are you suggesting that it can't be evaluated?

Quote
That is, the explanation to the origins of life would be either matherialistic, extremely unlikely and unsatisfactory, or non-matherialistic, absolutely inextricable and even more unsatisfactory... I don't feel like giving up the answer to the origins of life, and so I reject any explanation implying that it's out of our reach to know.

What makes you think that design cannot be discovered?
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jpn of Seattle
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« Reply #57 on: November 10, 2007, 01:16:17 PM »

So the undergraduate still contends that life beginning without The Hand of God is basically impossible, while the Ph. D.s contend it's entirely possible; indeed, some of them contend it's almost inevitable (see my posts above).

Why is anyone taking the undergraduate seriously?
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« Reply #58 on: November 10, 2007, 01:32:15 PM »

Sorry to interrupt the debate over credentials, but I thought this was interesting.

Astronomers use Lick Observatory to find planet
By Lisa Fernandez
Mercury News
Article Launched: 11/08/2007 01:37:46 AM PST



Quote
Using a telescope in the South Bay, astronomers have discovered a fifth planet circling a star beyond our solar system - a star that holds the record for the most orbiting extrasolar worlds.

The planet, discovered with help from the Shane telescope at Lick Observatory on Mount Hamilton east of San Jose, is circling 55 Cancri and located 41 light-years away, according to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

...

 "We now know that our solar system is not unique," he said. "We strongly suspect that many of these planetary systems harbor Earth-like planets."

Marcy said finding the five planets took 18 years of continuous observations at Lick.

The newly discovered planet - the fourth from its star - is about 45 times the mass of the Earth and may be similar to Saturn in its composition and appearance. Scientists say it completes one orbit every 260 days and the temperature surrounding it would permit water to pool on solid surfaces.

 "It is amazing to see our ability to detect extrasolar planets growing," said Alan Stern, associate administrator for the Science Mission Directorate at NASA headquarters in Washington, D.C., in a statement. "We are finding solar systems with a richness of planets and a variety of planetary types comparable to our own."

Link

This is why I would not be at all surprised if there were life forms similar to those on earth somewhere else in the cosmos. Water is necessary for life (at least as we know it), so planets with suitable temperatures for liquid water are more likely to have life forms comparable to those here.

At this point, what we need is advance in remote sensing capabilities.
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« Reply #59 on: November 10, 2007, 01:56:39 PM »

So the undergraduate still contends that life beginning without The Hand of God is basically impossible, while the Ph. D.s contend it's entirely possible; indeed, some of them contend it's almost inevitable (see my posts above).

Why is anyone taking the undergraduate seriously?

You only indict yourself when you misrepresent your opponents position.

Credentials do not make for a good scientific argument and neither does conjecture.  A sound scientific basis requires empirical data a sound explanation for the data that comports with observation and a physical basis.  Your friends with Ph D.'s don't have this information.  Your articles in the posts above don't provide this information.  Where is the empirical evidence that I am in err?  You don't have it.

Water, organic materials, and suitable physical conditions are indeed necessary for life, but they are not sufficient.  Life also requires a great deal of information in order to preserve process, development and body plans.  It is these additional requirements that raise the bar and make it so difficult for chemic evolution to be a serious contender.
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